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1、巧解初中英语时态试题在初中阶段，学过的英语时态主要有“一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时”等八种时态。在中考英语试题中，除 了 “过去完成时”和“现在完成进行时”出现的频率稍低外，其他时态都是“常客”。解答时态题，要以“寻找时间信息”作为突破口。一、根据时态与时间的“对应关系”解题英语句子的时态，大部分是依据明确的时间状语来决定的。因此，解题时要注意运用时态与时间的“对应关系”。如：句中有 yesterday, last night/week/month/year/century, two days ago, the other

2、day, when he was时，句子或主句的时态用"一般过去时”。句中有 this time yesterday, at eight yesterday morning, at that time, from two to five yesterday afternoon, when I walked in the street 时，句子或主句的时态用 “过去进行时”。句中有 tomorrow, this month, next week, “ in+ 段时间”,for another one hour, in the future, when he comes等时，句子或主句的

3、时态用"一般将来时”。句中有 already, yet, for three years, over the years, so far, for a long time, in the past/last few years, since 1995, since .ago, since last , since she left here 等“段时 I'7"状语时，句子或主 句的时态用“现在完成时”。【中考真题】1. 一 Did you do anything interesting last Sunday?Not really. I justat home.（2

4、017 年昆明卷）A. stayB. stayedC. will stayD. am staying2.Some exchange studentswith their host families this time yesterday.（2017 年上海 卷）A. are chattingB. will chatC. were chattingD. have chatted3.一 Did you see Mr White just now?Yes. Hehis car when I met him.（2017 年营口卷）1A. parkedB. was parkingC. is parkin

5、gD. parks4 . WeTV from seven to nine last night.（2017年武威卷）A. were watchingB. will watchC. watchedD. watch5 . Hey, Kate. 1 called you at 6: 30 yesterday afternoon, but you didn't answer.一 Oh, sorry. Iat that time.（2017 年怀化卷）A. am doing the dishesB. do the dishesC. was doing the dishes6 . I called

6、 you just now, but nobody answered.Oh, Iwhen the bell rang.（2017 年恩施卷）A. am taking a showerB. was taking a showerC. took a shower7. Have you set out? 一Yes, we have. WeA. arrivein two hours.（2017 年辽阳卷）B. arrivedC. will arriveD. have arrived8. With the development of science and technology, robot cook

7、sin our families inthe future.（2017 年泰安卷）A.appearC. will appearB. appearedD. is appearing9.一 Hello, John. This is Mike. What are you doing now?2一I'm watching a football match. It started at 7: 30 pm. and iton for another onehour.（2017年长沙卷）A. has beenB. wasC. will be10. I am surprised at the new

8、look of my hometown, for ita lot over the years. （2017年安徽卷）A. changedB.changesC. will changeD. has changed【答案与解析】1.Bo时间状语是last Sunday ,因此句子的谓语用一般过去时。2.C。时间状语是this time yesterday ,因此句子的谓语用过去进行时。3.B。时间状语是从句when I met him ,因此主句的谓语用过去进行时。4.A。时间状语是from seven to nine last night ,因此句子的谓语用过去进行时。5.C。时间状语是 at

9、 that time ,因此句子的谓语用过去进行时。6.B。时间状语是从句when the bell rang ,因此句子的谓语用过去进行时。7 .C。时间状语是这个从句，因此句子的谓语用一般将来时。8 .C。时间状语是in the future ,因此句子的谓语用一般将来时。9 .C。时间状语是for another one hour ,因此句子的谓语用一般将来时。10 . Do时间状语是 over the years,因此句子的谓语用现在完成时。二、根据从句的“特定时态表示法”解题在if, unless, as long as等引导的条件状语从句中，其谓语用一般现在时表示一般将来时的概 念

10、;在when, before, until, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语用一般现在时表示一般将来时的概念。也就是说，这些从句即使含有将来概念，谓语也要用一般现在时表示。例如：要表达“如果明天下雨"，应说"If it rains tomorrow. ",不能说"If it will rain."。又例如：要表达"当我 明天到达那里时"，应说"when I arrive there tomorrow ",不能说"when I willarrive there tomorrow

11、 "。因此，解答这两类从句的试题一定要注意特定时态的表达法。【中考真题】1. If itsunny tomorrow, I will go shopping with my friends in the supermarket.（2017年西宁卷）A. will beB. beC. isD. was2. As soon as the rain, they will go out to pick apples.（2017 年重庆 A 卷）A. stopsB. stoppedC. will stopD. is stopping3. My family will go to Yunnan

12、as soon as the holiday.（2017 年绥化卷）A. will beginB. beginC. begins4. 一 Can you tell me when you are going to arrive there?一I'm not sure. But I'll ring you up as soon as Ithere tomorrow.（2017 年襄阳卷）A. arriveB. arrivedC. will arriveD. am going to arrive【答案与解析】1 .Co本题中，if引导的是条件状语从句，意思是“如果明天是晴天”，因此

13、，谓语用表示般现在时的is。,因此，谓语用表,因此，谓语用表2 .A。本题中，as soon as引导的是时间状语从句，意思是"雨一停下来” 示一般现在时的 stops。3 .C。本题中，as soon as引导的是时间状语从句，意思是"假期一开始” 示一般现在时的 begins o4 .A。本题中，as soon as引导的是时间状语从句，意思是“我明天一到那儿”，因此，谓语用表示一般现在时的arrive。【特别提醒】if除了可以引导条件状语从句表示“如果”外，还可以引导宾语从句表示“是否（相当于whether）”,此时if从句的时态应根据需要确定。另外， when除了可

14、以引导时间状语 从句外，还可以引导宾语从句，此时when从句的时态也应根据需要确定。【中考真题】1. 一 I want to know if your pen friendtomorrow. 一If shetomorrow, we'll give her a big surprise.（2017 年阜新卷 ）A. will come; will comeB. will come; comeC. will come; comes D. comes; will come2. I don't know when heback. Please tell me when heback.（

15、2017 年宜宾卷）A. comes; comesB. comes; will comeC. will come; comes【答案与解析】1 .Co本题中，第一个if引导的是宾语从句，意思是“我想知道你的笔友明天是否会来”，因此谓语用一般将来时will come;第二个if引导的是条件状语从句，意思是“如果明天她来”，因此谓语用一般现在时comes。2 .Co本题中，第一个 when引导的是宾语从句，意思是“我不知道他什么时候回来”谓语用一般将来时 will come;第二个when引导的是时间状语从句，意思是“当他回来时”，因此谓语用一般现在时 comes。三、根据上下文之间“暗含的时间”

16、解题近年来，为了加大能力检测力度，有些时态检测题不提供明确的“时间状语”或“时态呼应” 信息，需要我们根据上下文的相关信息判断，这自然增加了解题难度。因此，解答这类题，必须通过仔细观察，据理分析、判断，寻找出“暗含”时间来确定上下句之间的时态关系。【中考真题】1. Wow! Youdinner. Let' s eat now.（2017 年河北卷）A. cookB. are cookingC. will cookD. havecooked2. Don't take the dictionary away. Iit.（2017 年河北卷）A. useB. usedD. have

17、usedC. am using53. I've just returned from my trip to London.I many interesting places there.（2017 年江西卷）A. visitB. will visitD. visitedC. am visiting4.一 When did the classroom have a power cut?一This morning, while weA. have hadC. are havinga physics lesson.（2017 年南京卷）B. were havingD. will have5.

18、 The earth is a planet and itA.goesC. will goround the sun.（2017 年天津卷）B. goD. went6 .一 Steve, let's go to the movie.一I'm afraid I can't. Ithe World Table Tennis Championships（锦标赛）（2017 年牡 丹江卷）B. am watchingC. watchedA. watchtrees in7 . Neither he nor I was playing computer games at this

19、time yesterday. We the neighborhood.（2017 年龙东地区卷）A. were plantingB. plantedC. are planting8 .一 Paul, I'm busy cooking. Can you give me a hand?Just a minute. Imy e-mail.（2017 年河南卷）A. am checkingB. will checkC. have checkedD. was checking【答案与解析】1 .D。"Let's eat now."这个信息暗示"饭已经做好了

20、”，故应选择have cooked表示“现在完成时”62.CDon't take the dictionary away."这个信息暗示“我正在用这本词典”,故应选择amusing表示"现在进行时"3.D。前句说了 “我已经从伦敦旅游回来了”，这个信息暗示“我在那儿游览了许多有趣的地方"属过去发生的事，故应选择visited表示"一般过去时”。4.B。问句的意思是“教室是什么时候停电的"，属过去发生的事，那么答语应该是“今天上午我们正在上物理课时”，故应选择 were having表示"过去进行时"。5.A

21、。“地球绕着太阳转”属客观规律，故应选择goes表示“一般现在时”。6.B。"I'm afraid I can't. ”的意思是“恐怕现在不行”，这个信息暗示“我现在正在看世界乒乓球锦标赛"，故应选择am watching表示"现在进行时"。7.A。前句中的 " was playing computer games at this time yesterday " 暗示 "那时我们正 在附近栽树"，故应选择 were planting表示"过去进行时”。8.A。“Just a minute

22、.”的意思是“请稍等”，这个信息暗示“我现在正在查阅电子邮件”，故应选择am checking表示“现在进行时"。【易错点警示（一）】按照英语词语用法规则，瞬间动词的现在完成时不能与段时间状语连用，此时要选用相应的延续性动词或状态性动词的现在完成时形式。这些瞬间动词相应的转换是leave-be away; buy - have; borrow - keep; die -be dead; becomef be; marry/get married fbe married; begin/start -be on; open（v.） be open（adj.）; join-be a十成员名

23、称或 be in 十组织名称。这是时态 试题中最易出错的考点，解题时一定要特别注意。【中考真题】1. Do you know when Nick is leaving?Hefor half an hour.（2017年云南卷）B. leftA. will leaveC. has left2. I'm sorry for being late.一Never mind. The meetingD. has been awayfor only five minutes. This way, please.（2017 年乐山1卷）A. has begun7B. has endedC. has

24、been on3. My grandparentsfor over sixty years and they love each other very much.（2017年宿迁卷）A. have been marriedB. got marriedC. were marriedD. have got married4. 一 You have a nice car.Thank you .Iit for less than one month.（2017 年扬州卷）A. boughtB. have boughtC. hadD. have had5. I saw Jiminto that new

25、building just now. 一Oh, it's our new library Itto the public for a week.（2017 年龙东地区卷）A. walk; has openedB. walk; has been openC. walking; has opened【答案与解析】1 .D。句中有段时间状语 for half an hour ,不与has left连用，应选择 has been away。2 .C。句中有段时间状语 for only five minutes ,不与has begun连用，应选择 has been on3 .A。句中有段时间状

26、语for over sixty years , 不与 have got married 连用，应选择 have beenmarried4 .D。句中有段时间状语for less than one month , 不与 have bought 连用，应选择 have had5.B。句中有段时间状语for a week , 不与 has opened 连用，应选择 has been open。【易错点警示（二）】have/has gone to和have/has been to的用法辨异也常出现在中考英语时态试题中。解答这类 题一定要根据"have/has gone to已去未归，hav

27、e/has been to去过已回"的规则进行辨异。【中考真题】1. 一 Frank, where is your father?一He isn't at home now. HeA. has gone toNew York.（2017 年邵阳卷）B. has been toC. goes to2. May I speak to your headmaster?一Sorry, he isn't here. Heto Guiyang on business.（2017 年铜仁卷）A. have goneB. has goneC. have beenD. has been

28、【答案与解析】1.A。"He isn't at home now."的意思是"他现在不在家"，表明"他已去未归”。因此，本题应选择has gone to表示"他已经到纽约去了”。2.B。"Sony, he isn't here."的意思是"对不起，他现在不在这儿" ，表明他尚未回来"。因 此，本题应选择 has gone表示"他已经到贵阳出差去了”。四、巩固练习1 . Journey to the West is a famous novel. Iit twi

29、ce already. B. readD. have readthe cinema with his uncle.B. has gone toD. have gone toA. will readC. am reading2 . Is that Jack speaking?一Sorry, he isn't in right now. HeA. has been toC. have been to3 .They chess over there. Let's go and have a look, OK?B. playA. are playing9C. have playedD.

30、 played4 . Why not go to the office and ask your teacher for help?一 I , but I didn't find her there. A. willC. haveB. wouldD. shall5 .一 Peter, could you come and help me in the kitchen, please?一Sony, Mum. ILily with her math. A. helpB. helpedC. have helpedD. am helping6 . Oh, Mrs. King, your dre

31、ss looks nice. Is it new?一No, Iit since two years ago. A. have hadB. have boughtC. boughtD. had7. Mr. Huangto Kunming on business. He'll come back in two weeks. A. goesB. wentC. has goneD. go8. 一 Where were you at six yesterday afternoon? I phoned but no one answered it.一I was busy with my offic

32、e work so Ihome until 7 p.m. A. don't getB. didn't getC. won't getD. haven't got9. Lana said she to my house the next morning. A. is goingB. will goC. has goneD. would go10. 一 Would you please tell my sister that I'll leave for Wuhan tomorrow?10一I don't know if sheto work tom

33、orrow. If she,I'll tell her about it. A. comes; comesB. will come; will comeC. will come; comesD. comes; will come11. 一 Look at the sign. Parking is not allowed here.Oh, I'm very sorry. Inotice it. D. wasn'tA. don'tB. didn'tC. haven't12. 一 Listen! Miss Yang is singing in the

34、next room.一That's impossible. She to a new house the other day. A. movedB. moveC. was movingD. moves13. Charlie didn't go with us because hesome foreigners around our school. A. have showedB. is showingC. had shownD. was showing14. 一 I this magazine for two weeks. 一You have to return it now,

35、 I think.A. have borrowedB.borrowedC. have keptD.kept15. We have to stay at home until the rain. A. stopsB.stopC. will stopD.is stopping16. 一 We had to walk to school two years ago, but now we can take the subway.11一Things alwaysA. changedB. have changedD. changethe football match.B. wonC. had chang

36、ed17. They didn't tell me when theyA. will winC. have wonD. are winning18. 一 I want to know whenWe'll have it when wea field trip.all the work.A. you have; will finishB. you will have; finishC. you will have; will finishD. you have; finish19. Ann has quick fingers. Look, how fast sheA. typesout a letter on the computer!B. will typeC. typedD. is typing20. We the old houses here next month to make the area a large garden.A. pull downB. will pull downC. have pulled downD. pulled down参考答案1-5 DBACD16-20 DBBDB6-10 ACBDC11-15 BADCA12