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1、Lesson20Pioneerpilots飞行员的先驱 Pioneern.先驱vi.vt.开拓,为开路,作先驱者 Youngpioneer少先队员 Apioneerofoperation手术的开创者 Advocaten.提倡者,鼓吹者vt.提倡,鼓吹 pioneeradulteducation倡导成人教育 lord n.对（英国）贵族的尊称；勋爵 lordlessadj.无君主的,无丈夫的 lordshipn.贵族权力,贵族身份 lordlyadj.adv.高傲的,贵族般地,有气派地 duken.公爵 marquisn.(英国等的)侯爵（亦作：marquees） earln.伯爵 viscou

2、ntn.(英国的)子爵 baronn.男爵(英国世袭的最低级的贵族爵位),大财主（女性为：baroness） Calais n.加来（法国港市） Overland adj.陆上的 Overnightn.头天晚上adj.通宵的,晚上的,前夜的adv.在前一夜,整夜,昨晚一晚上 -anovernighttrip一整夜的旅行/anovernightguest过夜的客人 overpopulatedadj.人口过密的,人口过剩的 overseasadv.海外adj.外国的,海外的 over+动词（over表示超过） overeatvt.使吃过量vi.吃得过多 oversleepvt.(使)睡过头vi.睡

3、过头,睡得太久 overworkn.过度工作v.(使)工作过度 overchargev.讨价过高,使过量装填,过度充电n.超载,过重的负担,过度充电 overestimatevt.评价过高n.估计的过高 pilotn.飞行员,领航员,引水员 enginen.发动机,机车,火车头 Calais加来（法国北部港市） Latestadj.最后的,最迟的,最新的,最近的n.最新消息,最新式样 Lastvi.持续,支持,维持 Dovern.多佛（英国东南部的港口） In 1908 Lord Northcliffe offered a prize of f1,000 to the first man wh

4、o would fly across the English Channel. thefirstmanwhowouldflyacross=thefirstmantoflyacross. 序数词和动词不定式序数词和动词不定式to搭配连用可以代替其后的搭配连用可以代替其后的定语从句定语从句 -thefirstpersontogreethimwasalocalpoliceman -Shewastheonlyonetosurvivetheplanecrash.她是唯一幸存与飞机失事的人。 =Shewastheonlyonethatsurvivetheplanecrash. Over a year pa

5、ssed before the first attempt was made. 如果before所引导的时间状语从句之前出现段时间（则最佳翻译方法：才.） attemptn.努力,尝试,企图vt.尝试,企图（attempt的语气比try强烈） inonesattempt -ShefailedinherattempttoswimtheEnglishChannel.她横度英吉利海峡的尝试失败了。 makeanattempton -Hemadeanattemptonthemountain.他试图攀登那座山。 makeanattempttodo -Shemadeeveryattempttorunawa

6、y.她想尽一切办法逃走。 makenoattempt -Shemadenoattempttorunaway.她没有想逃走。 On July 19th, 1909, in the early morning, Hubert Latham took off from the French coast in his plane the Antoinette IV. He had travelled only seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed and he was forced to land on sea. When=atth

7、atmoment Failed=breakdown失灵,出故障 Fail失败、忽视 -Shefailedtowintheprize. -WhenIsawhim,mywordsfailedme.当我见到他的时候,我不知道说什么好了。 beforcedtodo被迫做某事 The Antoinette floated on the water until Latham was picked up by a ship. pickedup=save=rescue Two days later, Louis Bleriot arrived near Calais with a plane called N

8、o. XI. Bleriot had been making planes since 1905 and this was his latest model. withaplane（with具有、带有）-asuitcasewithahandle A week before, he had completed a successful overland flight during which he covered twenty-six miles. =Aweekbefore,hehadcompletedasuccessfuloverlandflightandduringtheflightheco

9、veredtwenty-sixmiles. -duringwhich=duringflight Latham, however, did not give up easily. He, too, arrived near Calais on the same day with a new Antoinette. It looked as if there would be an exciting race across the Channel. Itlookedasif似乎,看起来 -Itlookedasiftherewouldbeaheavystorm. Both planes were g

10、oing to take off on July 25th, but Latham failed to get up early enough. After making a short test flight at 4:15 a.m., Bleriot set off half an hour later. makeashorttestflight做段距离试飞之后 His great flight lasted thirty-seven minutes. When he landed near Dover, the first person to greet him was a local

11、policeman. =WhenhelandednearDover,thefirstpersonwhogreetedhimwasalocalpoliceman. Latham made another attempt a week later and got within half a mile of Dover, but he was unlucky again. makeanotherattempt做了另一次试飞 His engine failed and he landed on the sea for the second time. forthefirsttime/forthesec

12、ondtime Key structures 关键句型关键句型 介词和关系代词搭配的用法介词和关系代词搭配的用法： （决定介词位置的四个因素） 1在正式的用法和用于书面语中,当定语从句的关系代词是介词的宾语时,能够把可移位的介词提前放在关系代词的前面。 ThisisthepersonaboutwhomIwastellingyou. -Isthisthebookforwhichyouaskedme? 2在非正式的用法和口语当中,介词一般要放在从句的末尾。 3有些动词介词,合成词组被看作是不可分隔的语言单位。这个时候介词必须紧跟动词,不可移位 -takeafter,accountfor 4在很多情

13、况下,介词和关系代词构成独立介词和关系代词构成独立的介词短语的介词短语, 在从句中起着状语作用在从句中起着状语作用,与从句的谓语动词毫无关系,不是谓语动词的一部分。这时介词始终位于关系代词之前。 Hedescribeditwasaveryagreeablesituation locatedwithintwosmallhills.+Inthemidstof twosmallhills,flowedagreatriver.Hedescribeditasaveryagreeablesituation locatedwithintwosmallhillsin the midst of which fl

14、owedagreatriver. -Mrs.Ramsayreceivedananonymousletterin whichthewriterstatedthatRastuswasinsafe hands. 1Youshouldntgiveup_beforeyouvemadeeveryeffort. AtofightBfightingCfightDfought 2Thefarmer_thebestseedsandsowedthemexpectingagoodharvest. AtookoutBtookupCpickedupDpickedout 3Dontactasif_yesterday. Ay

15、oudontcheatmeByoudidntcheatme CyouhadntcheatmeDyouwouldntcheatme 4Icouldnthavefinishedmywork_yourhelp. Nevermind. AwithinBthroughCwithoutDbeyondbdcc 5Wellofferassisttoeveryhomelessperson_cametous. AwhoBwhichCthatDwhom 6Heisthefirstperson_intoaworldwidefamousuniversityinhisvillage. AadmittingBtoadmit

16、Cbeingadmitted Dtobeadmitted 7Afterhostingtheconference_,wewillgetwellpreparedforanymoredifficulttask. AsuccessBsucceedCsuccessful DsuccessfullyADD 8Iveneverseen_anexcitingfilmbefore. Yes,its_excitingafilm!Everybodywouldlikeitiftheyveseenit. Aso,soBsuch,soCsuch,suchDso,such 9He_playingfootballbefore

17、hislegwasbadlyinjuredinanaccident. AhadbeenpracticingBhasbeenpracticing CpracticedDpractices 10MustIgobyair? Definitely!Onlyinthisway_therepunctually. AcanarriveyouByoucanarrive CcanyouarriveDyouarrivecanBAC 1Manyyearspassed_(她才再次回到了故乡) 2They_(出发)earlyinthemorningsoastoarriveontime. 3Inthemidstoftwomountains_(有一条宽阔平坦的马路) 4Itlooksasif_(将要下雨) 5Thehousewouldbeverycomfortable_(住起来)BeforeshecamebacktoherhometownSetoff/setoutTherewasawideandflatroadItisgoingtorainTolivein