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1、社会心理健康Psychosocial Health祝墡珠 教授复旦大学医学院全科医学系复旦大学附属中山医院全科医学科Shanzhu Zhu M.D. General Practice Department of Medical School Fudan UniversityGeneral Practice Department of Zhonghshan Hospital Fudan University社会心理健康Psychosocial Health祝墡珠 什么是社会心理健康 ? What is psychosocial health ?这是临床心理学家所关注的一个问题主要是在人们社会相互

2、交往中所表现的心理与所处社会的文化背景、个人品质、对自然与社会的认识、价值心理取向有关A concern of clinical Psychologists.Displayed in the process of social contact .Associated with a persons cultural background, his character traits, understanding of society and of nature, and his value orientation.什么是社会心理健康 ? What is psychosoc基因Genes社会Soci

3、ety心理Psyche 医疗条件Healthcare生活方式Lifestyle健康和寿命Health & Longevity基因社会心理医疗条件生活方式健康和寿命每个人都在社会中担任某一社会角色 ; 然而, Everyone takes a role in society; however, 物质生活Material comforts生活水平Standard of living 社会经济的发展和竞争的加剧 Development of social economy Exacerbation of social competition 升学、就业、职位升迁、 婚姻、失业、疾病、 亲人亡故、家庭矛

4、盾、 贫富分化、城乡差距拉大等等Seeking good education, employment and promotion, being unemployed, having poor health, death of a family member, conflicts within a family, polarization of the rich and the poor, widening disparity between urban and rural life, and so on. 每个人都在社会中担任某一社会角色 ; 然而, EveFactors that can c

5、ontribute to long-term psychological stressPersons body immunity weakenedPhysiological and psychological responses Symptoms: remember ability decreasing insomnia and dream disturbed sleep low work efficiency hypertension peptic ulcer diseases anxiety and depression 可导致长期心理应激的因素削弱了机体的免疫力生理和心理疾病症状:记忆力

6、下降 失眠多梦 工作效率低下 高血压 溃疡病 抑郁和焦虑等Factors that can contribute to心理疾病的发病率逐年增高Incidence of psychological diseases has been increasing with each passing year 50年代发病率为2%,2000年发病率上升至14%。大学生、妇女、儿童、老年人为重点发病人群,各种精神、心理障碍人群超过100万。 2% in the fifties , 14% by 2000.University students, women, children and the aged ar

7、e often the most susceptible group and the number of people with psychological diseases or problems is estimated to be over one million. 心理疾病的发病率逐年增高Incidence of psyc我国每年有近30万人自杀,每2分钟就有1人自杀,8人自杀未遂。自杀已成为我国第五位死因。同时由于99.9%的心理障碍者是以躯体不适到综合医院就诊,因而造成卫生资源的过度消耗。Suicide has become the fifth cause of death in

8、China. While 99.9% people with psychological problems go to hospital for the complaint of body disorders, which contributes to the excessive use of healthcare resources.我国每年有近30万人自杀,每2分钟就有1人自杀,8人自杀未遂心理问题的产生The causes of psychological problem2005年全国年龄60岁者占总人口的11.03%,年龄65岁者占总人口的7.69%。11.03% population

9、 of China is over sixty years and 7.69% is over sixty-five in 2005.心理问题的产生The causes of psycholo目前有半数以上老人不愿与子女同。亩一家庭赡养模式,情感空巢,缺乏交流等产生心理问题。新式小区的增加,邻里之间的陌生,非心理专业人士在劝解引导方式上的缺陷。Now more than one half aged people are unwilling to live with their sons and daughters . Four-two-one family support model, e

10、mpty nest feelings, lack of communications, all contributes to the development of psychological problems. The increase of modern communications, unknown with each other in the neighborhood, imperfection in the advice of nonprofessional persons. 目前有半数以上老人不愿与子女同。亩一家庭赡养模式,情感空如何解决这一问题? How to solve th

11、e problem?1997年WHO的资料显示全球有约5亿人需要精神卫生服务,其中90以上适于在社区得到处置和服务,社区精神卫生服务已成世界各国普遍做法。The data from WHO in 1997 showed that there are five hundred million people need psychological health care, in which 90% problems were optimum to be taken care in the community. 如何解决这一问题? How to solve the pr如何解决这一问题? How to

12、 solve the problem?成立由全科医师为主导的社区心理咨询师、社工人员参与的心理健康服务机构。因为危机家庭的成员不会主动就诊,及时主动发现和掌握社区危机家庭情况,对重点危险人群进行专业辅导。An organization leaded by family physicians and composed of psychological consultants and social workers should be set up for psychosocial health services. Most of the families with crisis are unwil

13、ling to go to the doctors. It is important to discover and understand those families, to assist those persons with high risk of having psychological problems.如何解决这一问题? How to solve the pr通过该机构、媒体、社区宣教等保障民众心理健康。对那些因实发事件,重大灾难后的心理创伤进行早期干预。The psychosocial health of the general public can be influenced

14、by such an organization, the news media, health education in communities and so on. Early detection and intervention will be the key to prevention of such problems arising from psychological traumas caused by nasty incidents or disasters. 通过该机构、媒体、社区宣教等保障民众心理健康。预防措施 Preventive measures 行为和心理治疗药物治疗事件

15、的干预 建立援助体系,提高人们对自然和环境的适应能力Behavioral and psychological therapyMedical therapyAssistance in social issues The establishment of a support system to promote peoples adaptability to nature and environment预防措施 Preventive measures 行为和心目标 Goals提高人们对精神刺激的耐受能力提高人们的自我控制和调节能力提高人们的社会交往能力 提高人们心理创伤后的康复能力Improved tolerance to psychological stimulationImproved self-control and self-adjustingBetter social communicative ability Better rehabilitation from psychological trauma 目标 Goals提高人们对精神刺激的耐受能力Thank You!谢谢!Thank You!谢谢!

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