kok电子竞技

第第页人教kok电子竞技（2023）选择性必修第三册Unit4AdversityandCourage单元训练（含答案）Unit4AdversityandCourage

【基础训练】

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Shewassitting________(cosy)onalittlebenchbehindtheschoolhouselookingatapicturebook.

2．Thoseregisteredareabletoenjoyfreeservicessuchas________(guide)onemploymentpoliciesandlaws.

3．Thoughtheyfailedtimeandtimeagain,they________(persevere)intheirattemptstoflyaroundtheworldinaballoon.

4．Everytimehe________(resolve)atroublesomeproblem,hefeelsheisgettingclosertohisfinalgoal.

5．Whenitstartsboiling,turn________thestovejusttokeepthesoupboiling.

6．StephenWilliamHawking,afamousphysicist,wasborninBritainonJanuary8th,1942.Asachild,hewasenthusiastic________designingcomplicatedtoys.

7．Thejobapplicantmusthavegoodcommunicationskills,abusiness________(qualify)andfirstofallpreviousworkingexperience.

8．ImakealistofbooksIwillreadandthe________(assign)Iwilldo.

9．Withthedevelopmentofnetworktechnology,itistimeforus________(understand)theimportanceof5Gtechnology.

10．Hewasallowed________(go)out,buthisparentsmadeitaconditionthatheshouldgethomebefore10p．m..

Ⅱ.完成句子

1．鸟儿受到了惊吓，向四面八方飞去。(direction)

Frightened，____________________________________________.

2．你只要按时归还，就可以把这本书拿走。(aslongas)

Youmaytakethisbookaway_____________________________________

________________．

3．不管这个问题有多难，他都决心要把它解决。(nomatter＋疑问词)

Hewasdeterminedtoworktheproblemout__________________________________

________________．

4．你可不要一听到批评就生气。(祈使句)

________________themomentyouhearcriticism.

5．多谢了！要是没有你及时的指导，我不可能在这么短的时间里完成这个艰巨的工作。(虚拟语气)

Thanksalot!Withoutyourtimelyguidance,___________________________．

6．我们能够改变这个结果的可能性很小。但是我们至少要试一试。(同位语从句)

________________________________________________________________________.

Butatleast,weshouldhaveatry.

Ⅲ.用现在完成时翻译句子

1．我已经修好了自行车，这周末我们可以去骑车了。

________________________________________________________________________

2．最近我一直在思考未来，我在想怎样才能实现自己的目标。

________________________________________________________________________

3．今天上午我一直给他打电话，打了好多次，但都没有人接。

________________________________________________________________________

4．这场森林大火到现在已经烧了数十天。

________________________________________________________________________

【能力提升】

Ⅰ.阅读

Forpeoplewhoareinterestedinsound,thefieldofsoundtechnologyisdefinitelymakingnoise.Inthepast,soundengineersworkedinthebackroomsofrecordingstudios,butmanyoftoday'ssoundprofessionalsaresharingtheirknowledgeandexperiencewithprofessionalsinotherfieldstocreatenewproductsbasedonthephenomenonwecallsound.

Soundcanbeusedasaweapon.Imaginethatapoliceofficerischasingathief.Thethieftriestoescape.Andtheofficercan'tlethimgetaway.Hepullsoutaspecialdevice,pointsitatthesuspect,andswitchesiton.Thethiefdropstotheground.ThisnewweaponiscalledaLongRangeAcousticDevice(LRAD,远程定向声波发射器).Itproducesadeafeningsoundsopainfulthatittemporarilydisablesaperson.ThenoisefromtheLRADisdirectedlikearayoflightandtravelsonlyintotheearsofthatperson,butitisnotdeadly.

Forthosewhohungerforsomepeaceandquiet,soundcannowcreatesilence.Let'ssayyouareattheairport,andthelittleboyontheseatnexttoyouishumming(哼唱)ashortcommercialsong.Hehumsitoverandoveragain,andyouareabouttogocrazy.ThankstotheSilenceMachine,aBritishinvention,youcangetridofthesoundwithoutupsettingtheboyorhisparents.OnemaywonderhowtheSilenceMachineworks.Well,itfunctionsbyanalyzingthewavesoftheincomingsoundandcreatingasecondsetofoutgoingwaves.Thetwosetsofwavescanceleachotherout.Simplyturnthemachineon,pointitatthetarget,andyourpeaceandquietcomesback.

Directedsoundisanewtechnologythatallowscompaniestousesoundinmuchthesamewayspotlights(聚光灯)areusedinthetheater.Aspotlightlightsuponlyonesectionofastage;similarly,a“spotsound”createsacircleofsoundinonetargetedarea.Thiscanbeusefulforbusinessessuchasrestaurantsandstoresbecauseitoffersanewwaytoattractcustomers.Restaurantscanofferachoiceofmusicalongwiththevariousfoodchoicesonthemenu,allowingcustomersmorecontrolovertheatmosphereinwhichtheyaredining.Directedsoundisalsobeginningtoappearinshoppingcentersandevenathomes.

1．WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph2abouttheeffectoftheLRAD

A．Itcausestemporaryhearingloss.

B．Itslowsdownarunningman.

C．Itmakesiteasytoidentifyasuspect.

D．Itkeepsthesuspectfromhurtingothers.

2．TheSilenceMachineisadevicespeciallydesignedto________.

A．silencethepeoplearoundyou

B．removethesoundofcommercials

C．blocktheincomingsoundwaves

D．stopunwantedsoundfromaffectingyou

3．Whatfeaturedospotsoundsandspotlightsshare

A．Theytravelincircles.

B．Theycleartheatmosphere.

C．Theycanbetransformedintoenergy.

D．Theycanbedirectedontoaspecificarea.

4．Directedsoundcanbeusedfor________．

A．creativedesignsofrestaurantmenus

B．idealsoundeffectsonthetheaterstage

C．differentchoicesofmusicforbusinesses

D．strictcontroloveranysuspiciouscustomer

5．Whatdoesthepassagefocuson

A．Howprofessionalsinventedsoundproducts.

B．Inventionsinthefieldofsoundtechnology.

C．Thegrowinginterestinthestudyofsound.

D．Howsoundengineersworkintheirstudios.

Ⅱ.七选五

Tobecomeaflexiblereader,youneedtoknowhowtoselectanduseareadingstylethatisconsistent(一致的)withyourpurposeofreading.__1__Eachhasitsownpurpose.Readtolearnaboutthethreereadingstylesusedbyflexiblereaders.

__2__Thepurposeofthisreadingstyleistoreaddifficultmaterialatahighlevelofcomprehension.Whenusingthestudyreadingstyle,youshouldreadataratethatisslowerthanyournormalreadingrate.Sometimes,readingmaterialaloudwillalsohelpyouimproveyourcomprehension.

Thesecondreadingstyleisskimming.Thepurposeofthisreadingstyleistoquicklyobtainageneralideaaboutreadingmaterial.__3__Whenusingtheskimmingstyle,youshouldidentifythemainideasineachparagraphandignorethedetailsinsupportivesentences.

Thethirdreadingstyleisscanning.Thepurposeofthisreadingstyleistoquicklylocateaspecificpieceofinformationwithinreadingmaterial.__4__Sinceyouknowexactlywhatyouarelookingfor,moveyoureyesquicklyoverreadingmaterialuntilyoulocatethespecificpieceofinformationyouneedtofind.

Beforeyoubeginyournextreadingassignment,identifyyourpurposeofreading.Decideifyouarereadingforahighlevelofcomprehension,tryingtogetageneralideaaboutwhatyouarereading,orlookingforspecificinformation.__5__

A．Yourreadingpurposeplaysanimportantroleinyourreading.

B．Studyreadingisthereadingstyleusedbyflexiblereaders.

C．Therearethreeimportantreadingstylesyoushouldlearntouse.

D．Thenusethereadingstylethatisappropriateforyourreadingpurpose.

E．Theskimmingstyleismostusefulwhenyouhavetoreadalotofmaterialquickly.

F．Theinformationtobelocatedmaybecontainedinanyplaceofreadingmaterial.

G．Ifyouwanttofindthetopicsentenceinapassage,theskimmingstyleisyourchoice.

Ⅲ.完形填空

It's27yearssincemylastconversationwithMother,whodidn'tfinishschoollikemanyofhercontemporary(同时代的)girls.Sheoftentoldme，“Inevergotmy__1__butonedayyouwill.”

Pointingtoatreeoracow,sheaskedmetorepeattheirEnglishnamesafterher.Feeling__2__，Iasked,“Mama,whydoIhavetolearnthese__3__words？”Sheheldherpenrightbeforemyeyes.“Holditfirmly，”she__4__me,“forthispenandthenewlanguagewillbeyourcompass(指南针)tosailaroundtheworld.”Sadly,mymotherdiedofbreastcancerwhenIwassix.

Turningseven,Itraveled30milestoliveclosertomyschool.__5__“closer”isarelativeterminUganda,which__6__Ihadtogetupastheearlysunroseandthenran8.8milesbarefoottoschool.Also,Ineededtocarryastickin__7__ofsnakesanddogs.Duringtherainyseason,thepathtoschoolwas__8__dailyandI'dswimwithonehand,usingtheotherhandto__9__thebookbagonmyhead.

Researchshows70percentofpoorchildrendon't__10__primaryschoolinUganda.Reasonsforthis__11__dropoutrateincludethelong__12__somechildrenmust__13__amongmanyotherreasons.

Fortunately,I'vemadeit.WheneverIseethesunrise,Iam__14__ofthewisdomofmymother.WhatshetaughtmewhenIwasakidtookrootinmyheart,__15__metoperseverewithenthusiasmeveninthemiserableperiodoflife.,

1．A.degreeB．scholarship

C．recommendationD．admission

2．A.anxiousB．hopeless

C．disappointedD．annoyed

3．A.toughB．new

C．foreignD．old

4．A.encouragedB．consulted

C．blamedD．frightened

5．A.ButB．So

C．WhenD．If

6．A.showsB．means

C．provesD．states

7．A.searchB．possession

C．spiteD．case

8．A.damagedB．repaired

C．blockedD．flooded

9．A.dragB．hold

C．hideD．seize

10．A.attendB．enter

C．completeD．continue

11．A.constantB．steady

C．lowD．high

12．A.distancesB．periods

C．listsD．stories

13．A.coverB．consider

C．judgeD．measure

14．A.informedB．warned

C．remindedD．told

15．A.allowingB．inspiring

C．expectingD．intending

Ⅳ.语法填空

FailingSuccessfully

TwoyearsagoItookpartinaspeechcompetitionandIgottheworst.Thoughlosingthecompetition,Ireallywanted1.________(compete)again.Irealizedthatfindingtherighttopicwasthemostimportantpart.Itneedstobemotivationalandinspirationaltotheaudience.SoIreworkedmyspeechforthe2.________(follow)year,pickingadifferenttopicandspendingcountlesshourspolishing(润色)thespeech,word3.________word.

ThenextyearIparticipatedin4.________competitionagain.MyspeechwentwellandIhopedtodothatabitbetterthisyear.5.________(sad),mywishdidn'tcometrue.ThecompetitionwassofiercethatagainIdidn'tmake6.________.

Thedefeatwasabitterpilltoswallow.Icouldn'tacceptthefact7.________IhadfailedtwiceinsomethingthatIhadworkedsohardon.However,oneofthe8.________(judge)saidtomethatmyspeechwasquitegood,butitneededtobe9.________(good)ifIwantedtogoanyfurther.Headvisedmetostruggletoovercomesomethinglikesomeoftheemptygestures.HesaidthatIwouldsurelysucceedsomeday.

Hearingsuchinstructiveand10.________(inspire)words,IknewIfailedsuccessfully.Losingisnormalandpartoflife.Thisexperiencewasnotafallbutaslip.

Ⅴ.概要写作

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

IsthetraditionalfamilydinnerathingofthepastIntoday'shouseholdswherebothparentsgotoworkandkidshavebusyscheduleswithschool,anarrayofafternoonactivitiesandmuchhomework,findingtimeforagatheringatthetableseemsimpossible.Yet,studieshaveshowntimeandagainthateatingtogetherhasmultiplebenefitsforfamilymembers,especiallychildren.

AccordingtoanumberofreportsissuedbytheNationalCenteronAddictionandSubstanceAbuseatColumbiaUniversity,childrenwhoeatatleastfivetimesaweekwiththeirfamilyareatlowerriskofdevelopingpooreatinghabits,weightproblemsoralcoholdependencies,andtendtoperformbetteracademicallythantheirpeerswhofrequentlyeataloneorawayfromhome.

“Eatingtogetherasafamilyisnotjustaboutfoodandnutrition.Foodhasbecomesoeasilyandcheaplyavailablethatwenolongerappreciateitssignificance，”saysProfessorRobinFox,whoteachesanthropologyatRutgersUniversityinNewJersey.“Wehavetorediscoveritsimportanceanditsvalue.Sharingamealwithlovedonesshouldbeconsideredaspecialevent,whichcanalmosttakeontheformofaceremony,asitwaspracticedbyourancestors,forwhomfindingfoodwasaconstantstruggle.”

Besidesappreciationforthevalueoffood,therearealsomanysocialelementsthatcomeintoplaywhenfamiliessharemeals,saysMiriamWeinstein,authorofTheSurprisingPowerofFamilyMeals.Thedinnertablecanbetheperfectenvironmentwherekidslearnhowtoconductconversations,observegoodmanners,serveothers,listen,solveconflictsandcompromise.

Ofcourse,thereisnoguaranteethatthesimpleactofeatingathomesurroundedbyfamilywillsavechildrenfromdevelopingunhealthylifestylesormakingregrettablechoicesdowntheroad.Itmaynotmakethemmorevirtuous(品德端正的)orsociallymoreresponsible.Butitcanformabasisforalotofthingsthatpointthemintherightdirection.

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

【基础训练】Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．cosily2.guidance3.persevered4.resolves5.down

6．about7.qualification8.assignment(s)9.tounderstand

10．togo

Ⅱ.完成句子

1．thebirdsflewinalldirections2.aslongasyoureturnitontime3.nomatterhowdifficultitis4.Don'tyougetangry5.Icouldn'thavefinishedthetoughtaskinsuchashorttime6.Thereislittlechancethatwecanchangetheresult

Ⅲ.用现在完成时翻译句子

1．Ihavefixedthebike.Wecangocyclingthisweekend.

2．Ihavebeenthinkingaboutthefuturelately,wonderinghowIcanachievemygoal.

3．Ihavebeencallinghimmanytimesthismorning,butthere'snoanswer.

4．Untilnowtheforestfirehasbeenburningfordozensofdays.

【能力提升】Ⅰ.阅读

1．A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Itproducesadeafeningsoundsopainfulthatittemporarilydisablesaperson.ThenoisefromtheLRADisdirectedlikearayoflightandtravelsonlyintotheearsofthatperson,butitisnotdeadly.”可知它发出震耳欲聋的声音，这种声音令人如此痛苦以至于它会使人暂时丧失能力。LRAD发出的噪音像光线一样被引导，只进入那个人的耳朵，但不会致命。由此可推知，LRAD会导致暂时性听力损失。故选A。

2．D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Well,itfunctionsbyanalyzingthewavesoftheincomingsoundandcreatingasecondsetofoutgoingwaves.Thetwosetsofwavescanceleachotherout.Simplyturnthemachineon,pointitatthetarget,andyourpeaceandquietcomesback.”可知，它的功能是通过分析传入声音的波，并产生第二组传出的波。这两组波会相互抵消。只要打开机器对准目标，你的宁静就会回来。由此可知，静音机是一种专门设计用来阻止有害声音影响你的设备。故选D。

3．D细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Aspotlightlightsuponlyonesectionofastage;similarly,a“spotsound”createsacircleofsoundinonetargetedarea.”可知，聚光灯只能照亮舞台的一个部分；类似地，一个“spotsound”在一个目标区域创建一个声音圈。由此可知，spotsounds和聚光灯的共同特性是它们可以被定向到一个特定的区域，故选D。

4．C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Aspotlightlightsuponlyonesectionofastage;similarly,‘aspotsound’createsacircleofsoundinonetargetedarea.Thiscanbeusefulforbusinessessuchasrestaurantsandstoresbecauseitoffersanewwaytoattractcustomers.Restaurantscanofferachoiceofmusicalongwiththevariousfoodchoicesonthemenu,allowingcustomersmorecontrolovertheatmosphereinwhichtheyaredining.”可知，聚光灯只能照亮舞台的一个部分；类似地，一个“spotsound”在一个目标区域创建一个声音圈。这对餐馆和商店等企业很有用，因为它提供了一种吸引顾客的新方式。餐厅可以提供音乐选择与菜单上的各种食物选择，让顾客更多地控制气氛，在他们用餐时。由此可知，定向音响可以用于不同的商业音乐选择。故选C。

5．B主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Inthepast,soundengineersworkedinthebackroomsofrecordingstudios,butmanyoftoday'ssoundprofessionalsaresharingtheirknowledgeandexperiencewithprofessionalsinotherfieldstocreatenewproductsbasedonthephenomenonwecallsound.”可知，在过去，音响工程师在录音室的后室工作，但今天的许多音响专业人士正在与其他领域的专业人士分享他们的知识和经验，以我们所谓的声音现象为基础创造新产品。结合下文具体内容可知，本文着重论述了声音技术领域的发明创造。故选B。

Ⅱ.七选五

【语篇解读】本文是篇说明文，向读者介绍了三种满足不同阅读目的的阅读方式。

1．C空后的“thethreereadingstyles”和C项中的“threeimportantreadingstyles”相对应，故答案为C项。

2．B本段主要讲thestudyreadingstyle这种阅读方式，故选B项。

3．E根据语境可知，本空是对theskimmingstyle这一阅读方式的进一步说明，故选E项。

4．FF选项中的“Theinformationtobelocated”与空前一句相对应，故选F项。

5．D根据空前的叙述可知，本句应为选择合适的阅读方式，故答案为D项。

Ⅲ.完形填空

1．A考查名词。degree在此处意为“学位”。由空前句中的whodidn'tfinishschoollikemanyofhercontemporarygirls可知的母亲没有完成学业，所以的母亲没有获得学位。故A项正确。

2．D考查形容词。根据空后内容“Mama，whydoIhavetolearnthese__3__words？”和本段的母亲对他的教育可知，当时一遍遍地记外语单词，感觉很烦，所以D项正确。

3．C考查形容词。由下文forthispenandthenewlanguagewillbeyourcompasstosailaroundtheworld可知的母亲让她学习外国词汇，故选C项。

4．A考查动词。由空后的母亲的鼓励的话可以判断A项正确。

5．A考查连词。本句中的Ihadtogetupastheearlysunroseandthenran8.8milesbarefoottoschool表明每天要早早起床跑8.8英里才能到学校，故可知虽然搬去了离学校较近的地方，但“近”在乌干达只是相对而言，前后内容存在转折关系，所以A项正确。

6．B考查动词。mean在此处意为“意味着”。空前的“closer”isarelativeterminUganda表明“近”在乌干达是相对而言的，所以那意味着其实依然要起得很早，故B项正确。

7．D考查固定搭配。incaseof意为“以防”。由Ineededtocarryastick可知拿棍子来防蛇和狗，故选D。

8．D考查动词。由空前的Duringtherainyseason和空后的I'dswim可知在雨季通往学校的路每天都会被淹没，故选D。

9．B考查动词。此处hold意为“托住”，根据空后的thebookbagonmyhead可知在游水的同时为了让书包不被弄湿，必须把书包举在头上，故B项正确。

10．C考查动词。本文讲述作为乌干达穷人家的孩子求学经历的种种艰辛，由此可知在乌干达70%的穷人家的孩子没有上完小学，故C项正确。

11．D考查形容词。由前文在乌干达70%的穷人家的孩子不能上完小学可知乌干达的辍学率很高，所以D项正确。

12．A考查名词。根据前文所讲述的每天早起赶8.8英里的路程可知，距离学校太远是高辍学率的原因之一。

13．A考查动词。cover在此处意为“行走(一段路程)”，与distances相照应。

14．C考查动词。remind意为“使想起”。此处指太阳升起使想起自己的母亲的智慧。

15．B考查动词。inspire在此处意为“鼓舞；激励”。由前句每当看到太阳升起就会想起母亲的智慧可知，幼时母亲的教导一直鼓舞着他以充沛的热情走过那段不幸的日子，所以B项正确。

Ⅳ.语法填空

1．tocompete考查非谓语动词。wanttodosth.想要做某事。

2．following考查词性转换。此处following是形容词，意为“接下来的”，修饰名词year，thefollowingyear意为“第二年”。

3．for考查介词。wordforword意为“逐字地，一字不差地”。

4．the考查冠词。此处指第二年再次参加competition“竞赛”，表示特指，所以要用定冠词the。

5．Sadly考查词性转换。设空处位于句首，修饰整个句子，故用副词。sadly意为“令人遗憾地”。

6．it考查代词。句意：比赛如此激烈，以至于我又一次未获成功。此处包含固定短语makeit“获得成功”。

7．that考查同位语从句的引导词。设空处引导同位语从句，表示fact的具体内容，从句中不缺成分，故填that。

8．judges考查名词复数。此处judge意为“裁判”，根据空前的oneofthe可知应该用名词的复数形式。

9．better考查形容词比较级。空前的myspeechwasquitegood表明我的演讲已经很好，空后的ifIwantedtogoanyfurther意为“如果我想走得更远”，由此可知我的演讲需要更好，所以应该用good的比较级better。

10．inspiring考查词性转换。此处指听了如此有启发性的、鼓舞人心的话。此处应填形容词修饰其后的words。“inspiring”意为“鼓舞人心的”。

Ⅴ.概要写作

参考范文：

Studiesfindthateatingtogetherasafamily,whichnowadaysseemsimpossibleforbusyparentsandkids,isactuallybeneficial.(要点1)First,itcancontributetochildren'sbetterphysicalhealthandacademicperformances.(要点2)Italsooffersaplatformwherekidscanlearntoappreciatethevalueoffoodanddevelopsocialskills.(要点3、要点4)Thoughsharingmealsmaynotensurechildrenlifelongwellness,itcanatleastguidethemontherighttrack.(要点5)