kok电子竞技

【查补知识漏洞·通关练】专题09阅读填表（原卷kok电子竞技）（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）根据短文内容，完成表格，每空不超过三个词。Whenthefirstpersonlookeduptothesky,people’simaginationofspacebegan.InChina,therearemanystoriesabouttheexploration(探索)ofspace.Thousandsofyearsago,therewasaladynamedChang’ethatflewtotheMoonandlivedtherewitharabbit.It’sjustastoryinmyths(神话).IntheMingDynasty,amannamedWanHuusedamachinewhichwasmadeofachair,somefireworksandakiteasarockettoflytospacebutfailed.Hewasconsideredasthefirsthumanthattriedtoexplorespace.Ourexplorationofspaceneverstoppeduntilitbecamearealityinmoderntimes.Withoutdoubt,Chinesespacetechnologyhasmadegreatprogress.In2003,whenShenzhouVsetoffsuccessfully,YangLiwei’swords“Iamproudofourmotherland”broughttearstooureyes.CarryingtheflyingdreamoftheChinesenationforthousandsofyears,asthefirstspacevisitorofChina,hestartedtheSpaceAgefortheChinese.In2008,ZhaiZhiganginShenzhouVIIhadthefirstChinesespacewalk,“Iamoutofthecapsule(太空舱),andIfeelgood,”hetoldtheworldproudly.Inthenextyears,Chinakeptmakingitswayinordertostepfurtheronexploringspace.Especiallyintherecentyears,ChinahassentupShenzhouXIandShenzhouXV.Sixastronautshavebeensenttospacewithtwowomenincluded.OnMay30,2023,JingHaipeng,ZhuYangzhuandGuiHaichaoinShenzhouXVIweresentintospacesuccessfully.From2003to2023,Chinesepeoplegofartherandfartherinspace,Inthenearfuture,ChinawillsendastronautstotheMoonandexploretheMoon.StoriesaboutChina’s1ThousandsofyearsagoChang’eflewtotheMooninmyths.IntheMingDynastyWanHumadeamachineandtriedtoexplorespace.In2003YangLiweistarted2fortheChinese.In2008ZhaiZhiganghadthefirstChinesespacewalk.InthenextyearsWeChinesepeoplekeptmakingourway3wecouldstepfurtheronexploringspace.On4ChinasentShenzhouXVIintospacesuccessfully.InthefutureChineseastronauts5totheMoon.1.查表。阅读表格，分析表格的项目内容和结构特征，从而把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏和表格前的小标题，这样有助于理解文章大意。2.析文。快速浏览全文，把握文章大意;再仔细阅读文章内容，找准细节定位。阅读文章时，要利用多种阅读技巧，对文章进行全面理解。3.填表。进行填表。多数题目的答案可以在文章中直接找出;少数题目需要在分析原文的基础上，结合题目对文章进行理解归纳答案;还需注重书写习惯，多注意大小写的运用。表格挖空处是根据原文中的关键词句来设置的，因而答案往往是与原文中出现的词语或意思相近的词语，通常情况下有四种设题方式:1.标题归纳题一般位于表格的上栏或左栏，考生可根据表格下栏或右栏的内容及文段中主题句和文章大意进行分析，加以概括总结。解题方法：文章标题的归纳，一要关注文章的核心及高频词汇，二要根据主题句提炼主题。(1)阅读文章时，要注意文中反复出现或强调的信息，因而要在文中寻找覆盖全文的核心词汇或句子，或寻找与文章大部分内容相关的信息。(2)寻找文章的主题句是解答标题归纳题的核心，主题句一般位于文章首末段或分散于各个段落中，需要考生加以总结提炼，得出答案。2.细节理解题利用表格中所给的信息定位至原文，仔细辨别，寻找答案。解题方法：此类题目需要采用关键信息定位法，根据题干中的关键信息定位到文章中的具体语句。3.推理判断题对比表格内容与原文内容的差异，根据语境和逻辑推理得出答案。解题方法：此类题目要求考生对文中某一细节或写作意图给出合理判断或推理，运用逻辑推理能力得出蕴含在文中没有明确说出的事实或暗示的含义。4.同义转换题对比表格内容与原文内容的差异，根据语法结构进行词形的转换。即:名词→动词、名词→形容词、主动→被动、肯定→否定……解题方法：根据题干中的关键信息定位到文章中的具体语句，分析原文句子并结合题千句子结构，确定空格处在句中所承担的句子成分，根据语法结构和语义进行适当转换。1.阅读文章时,要学会理清文章的写作思路和篇章结构,这通常是很重要的设题线索(1)特别注意表格前的小标题,它通常是文章的主题。读懂了表格标题有助于理解短文及表格的大意。(2)分析表格的项目内容,根据所提供的表格内容提示理清表格的设计原理。(3)学会查读。要带着问题有意识地在文章中寻找与答案相关的关键词语,或概括、归纳出关键词语。2.做题时要充分利用解题的微技能。(1)词形转换能力任务型阅读中好多答案都需要通过词形转换来完成。如:原文中用besurprisedtodosth.,根据表格题目设计,转换为Itissurprisingthat...。(2)英英释义能力任务型阅读中有些题日需要通过英英释义来解决。如:原文中用了keepyourattention,根据表格题目设计,要用listen。(3)逆向思维能力所谓逆向思维,即从另一个角度来思考问题。如:原文中用了..andmostpeoplewillstayawayfromanangryface.表格中的题目设计成:Peopledon’tliketheonewithanangryface.<1>（2024·四川成都·二模）阅读下面短文，完成题后的表格。Whenyoufeeldisappointed,youshouldknowitisnaturalandnormal,andeveryonewillexperienceitintheirlife.Sometimeslifebringsusadifficulthand,andeventsandtrials(考验)wecan’tcontrolhappentous.Othertimesitisourownactionsthemselvesthatcauseourtrials.Evenso,disappointmentispartoflife’sjourney.Whetherwehaveabetterlifedependsonhowwedealwithit.Herearesomestepstohelpustomakeourjourneymoreenjoyable.Firstly,redefine(重新定义)ourrules.Itisconsideredthateveryonehashisown“rule”intheirmind.Ifourownrulesaretooperfect,thentheywilldisappointusgreatly.Whenwefeeldisappointed,itiswisetoreviewandredefineourrules.Tryanencouragingrule:IamhappyandIamsuccessfulsinceIhavemademygreatestefforts.Secondly,remindourselvesnowandthenofthereasonswhyweareworkingtowardsthegoal.Itisofgreathelptorememberthereasonswhenwefeeldown.Byrevisitingthosereasons,wewilllikelyrenewourpromisesandnotgethunguponthedisappointmentofthemoment.Thirdly,thinkaboutourlargervision(视野)andrecommit(重新提交)toit.Itreallyhelps.Disappointmentisaveryvaluableexperience,whichservesasagoodeducatorandmakesusmoreabletomeetthechallengesofthefuture.Finally,resetandhaveanewstart.Ithelpspreventusfromgettingintoself-pityandforceustogetupandmoveforward.Don’tliveinthepast.Takewhatthepasthastaughtusandkeepmoving.Wakeuptheverynextdayasifourwholelifeisaheadofusandwehavethechancetorestart.Nothingthathappenedinthepastcanstopusfromcreatingthelifethatwehavealwaysdesiredorfromachievingthegoalsthatweareworkingtowards.LearningtodealwithdisappointmentIntroductionIt’stoonaturalandnormaltofeeldisappointedandlearningtodealwithitispartofafulfillinglife.CausesofdisappointmentEventsandtrialsinlifearesometimesoutof1.Sometimesourtrialsarecausedbyourownactions.2todealingwithdisappointment

Redefineourrules3disappointourselves,trysomeencouragingonesRemindourwhysBeingremindedoftenofourwhyshelpsusrenewourpromisesandgetoverthedisappointment.Recommittoourvision4makesustobemoreabletomeetthechallengesofthefuture.ResetandstartanewlifeInsteadoflivinginthepast,wetakewhatwehavelearnedfromthepastandmoveforward.ConclusionDealingwithdisappointmentproperlycanimprove5ofourlifeandmakeourlifejourneyenjoyable.<2>（2024·江苏南京·一模）Thetwenty-firstcenturyisalreadyturningouttobethecenturyofmoderntechnologies.Thetechnologicalrevolution(革命)thatstartedafterWorldWarIIisnowdevelopingmorequickly.Computingandothertechnologicaldevelopmentisbeginningtoreachintoinfluenceandtakeovernearlyeverypartofourlives.Thetwomaininfluencesmoderncomputinghashadonourlivesareintheareasofeconomics(经济学)andcommunications.Technologyhasledtobigchangesineconomicandbusinesssystemsandoperations(经营).Businessesnowhavetobeusingcloudservicesormachinelearningorriskfailure.Asaresult,everybigcompanybasesitsoperationsoncomputing.Forexample,CocaCola,HuaweiandTencentselldifferentproductsandservices,yettheyallshareonebasicfeature—withoutmoderncomputingservices,theiroperationswouldbreakdown.Newtechnologiesplayanimportantroleineconomies.ChinaandmanyotherdevelopingcountrieshavelargeITindustries,whichdrivetheireconomies.What’smore,developedcountries,includingGermanyandtheUnitedStates,aremovingfromanindustrial-basedeconomytoacomputingandIT-basedone.Theotherimportantinfluenceoftechnologicalchangeisinthewayofcommunication.Forexample,inthepast,peoplewrotelettersortalkedonfixedphones,whichsloweddownthecommunicationprocess.Nowtheysende-mailsandtextmessages,orchatusingmobilephones.Insteadofwaitingweeksforaletterorspendingtimefindingafixedphone,wecancommunicaterightaway.Newformsofcommunicationarecheaperorfree.Asaresult,nowpeoplewholivethousandsofkilometresawayfromeachothercancommunicateasmuchastheywantatanytime.Inconclusion,computingandnewtechnologieshavehadagreatinfluenceonourlivesinmanyways.Andtheyhavehadthegreatestinfluenceinbusinessandcommunication.Inthefuture,iftechnologycontinuesdevelopingatsuchspeed,ourbusinesspracticesandmethodsofcommunicationwillhaveevengreaterchanges.Itisalreadystartingtobringchangestootherpartsofourlives,suchastransportationandhealth.Whatinfluencehastechnologyhadonourlives?Introduction>Greatchangeshavetakenplaceintechnologies6WorldWarII.>Computinghasmadeagreat7toeconomicsandcommunications.8ofmaininfluences>Operationsofbigcompanies9oncomputing.>LargeITindustries10countrieslikeChinatodeveloptheireconomies.>Newtechnologieshave11GermanyandUSAintoacomputingandIT-basedeconomy.>Technologicalchangemakescommunication12andfasterthanbefore.>Wespend13oncommunicationaswell.>Peoplecancommunicatewitheachother14theywant.ConclusionThemore15technologyisdeveloping,thegreaterchangeswewillhave.<3>（2024·江苏无锡·一模）先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。Iscream,youscream,weallscreamforicecream!Onahotsunnyday,whowouldsaynotoasweet,ice-coldicecream?Itwouldbeanexcitingtreattofindoutwhoinventedicecream.ThefirstkindoficecreamwasmadeinChinaalmostthreethousandyearsago.Itwasamixtureofsnow,milkandrice.FromChina,therecipe(食谱)wasspreadtoEurope.TheEmperorNeroofRomeenjoyedafrozendessert(甜点)thatwasamixtureofsnow,honeyandfruits.InAsia,theMughalEmperorsrequiredtheirhorsementobringsnowfromthemountainstoDelhi(Delhicangetveryhot!).Theicewasmixedwithflavours(香料)andwasthenusedinfruitsorbets(冰糕).WhentheItalianCatherinedeMedicimarriedHenryIIofFrance,shebroughtflavouredsorbetrecipestoFrance.HerItaliancookcreateddifferentflavourfruiticeforeachdayoftheweddingcelebrations.IcecreamarrivedinEnglandfromFrance.KingCharlesII,builtanicehouseinthecentreofLondonandwasthefirstBritishkingwhoisknowntohaveeatenicecream.Untilthe1800’sicecreamremainedadeliciousdessertenjoyedonlybytherich.IcecreamcametoAmericafromEurope.In1832,WhiteHousecookAugustusJacksonfoundouthowtoputicecreamincanstosendtoice-creamstores.Hewasnamedthe‘FatherofIceCream’.Technologicaldevelopmentmadeicecreamproductionpossible.In1843,theicecreammachinewasspreadtoEnglandandAmerica.Thiswasmadefromawoodenboxfilledwithiceandsalt.Todaytherearesomanydifferentflavoursoficecream.Youcannameanyflavourandtherewillbeanicecreamofit.Themostpopularflavoursarechocolateandstrawberry.InterestingFactThefirst‘refrigerators’werecreatedbymixingsaltwithice.Mixingsaltwithicereducesthefreezingpoint.Youcanachievetemperatureslowerthan-14℃.The16ofIceCreamInterestingFact?InChinaAmixtureofsnow,milkandriceSaltlowersthetemperatureto17icecreamfrozen?InEurope18materialswereusedtomakeicecream.Frenchenjoyedicecreamwhenpeoplegotmarried.19peoplecouldn’tenjoyicecreamuntilthe1800’s.?InIndiaHorsemenwere20tocollectsnowfromthemountains.?InAmericaPeoplecanbuyicecreaminstores.TheicecreammachinewasintroducedintoAmerica.<4>（2024·江苏泰州·一模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后面表格空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。ThedrumhasexistedinChinesecivilizationforthousandsofyearsandhasadeepspiritualmeaningwhichismorethanakindofmusicalinstrument.Confuciusregardedthe“DrumDance”highly.ItisalsotheoriginoftheChinesephrase“guwu”whichmeans“embolden”(大胆)inEnglish.ThedrumwasmentionedinChinesehistoryinthePotteryAge.TheZhoudynastysetupthedrummusicinstitutionthatwasresponsible(负责的)forthemanagementofofficersknownas“drummen”anddevelopedacompletedrummusicsystem.Fromthenon,drumscametobeusedinancientChinesepracticessuchassacrifice(祭祀),military(军事),labor(劳动)andotheractivities.InancientChina,agriculturewasthemainformofproductionanddrumswereconsideredindispensable(不可或缺的)foragoodharvest.Sincethesoundofdrumsechoesthatofthunder,itwasbelievedthatplayingdrumscouldattractrain.Sotheinstrumentwasusedtoprayforgoodweatherandto“communicate”withthem.Drumsalsoplayedapartinthewar.Becauseofastrongresonanceeffect(共振作用),thedrum’ssoundcouldgoveryfarwhileincreasingfearintheheartoftheenemies.Sothedrumwasusedasamilitaryboosterforalongtime.IntheTangandSongdynasties,thesocietywasdevelopingfastanddrumswerewidelyused.Thenationalband,drama,folkart,songanddance,boatracing,liondance,festivalgatheringandlaborcompetitionwerealltogetherwiththebeatsofdrums.Thesoundofdrumsbecamesynonymous(同义的)withcelebrations,fillingheartswithjoy.DifferenttypesofChinesedrumsexisttoday.Forexample,“TaipingDrum”isusedtoexpresshopeforpeaceandprosperitywhile“AnsaiWaistDrum”ismeanttoshowthespiritoftheLoessPlateau(黄土高原)andtheheroiccharacteroffarmersinNorthwestChina.Kaifenghas“PanDrum”,andLuochuanofShaanxiProvinceisknownforits“BieDrum”.Therearealsosomecheerfulandtime-honoreddrumdancessuchas“FengyangFlowerDrum”inAnhuiProvinceand“FishingBasketFlowerDrum”inJiangsuProvince.Inaword,drumculturereflects(反映)thestability(安定)andprosperity(繁荣)ofChinesesociety.Forthousandsofyears,Chinesepeoplehavealwaysbeenexpectingpeaceandsatisfaction.DrumcultureinChinaIntroduction●ThedrumappearedthousandsofyearsagoinChina.Itgoesfar21amusicalinstrumentandhasadeepeffectonhistoryandculture.In22times●The23ofthedruminChinacanbetracedbacktothePotteryAge.●Aspecialdrummusicinstitutionwassetupfor24officerscalled“drummen”.Meanwhile,acompletedrummusicsystemwasdeveloped.●Later,drumswereputinto25inancientChinesepractices.●Peopleplayeddrumsforagoodharvestinagriculturesincepeople26itcouldbringrain.●Thesoundofthedrumcouldtravelalongway,27itwouldgiveenemiesastrongersenseoffearinthewar.●Withthefast28ofthesociety,drumswerewidelyusedandthesoundofdrumsfilledpeople’sheartswithjoy.Today·DrumsofdifferenttypesareseenacrossChinaandthey29alottotheirlocalculture.Conclusion●DrumculturereflectsthestabilityandprosperityofChinesesociety.●Peoplehopetolive30withsatisfactioninthesocietylikethis.<5>（2024·四川成都·二模）完成图表。根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。E-wastemeansoldelectronicslikecomputers,phones,andTVsthatpeoplethrowaway.Whennewelectronicscomeout,manyoldonesarethrownaway.Theseoldelectronicshaveharmfulmaterialsinside.Theycanhurttheenvironmentiftheygetintothegroundorwater.Electronicsneedspecialmetalsthatarehardtofind.Gettingthesemetalsfromtheearthcancausealotofpollution.Aswemakemoreelectronics,thesemetalsbecomeevenhardertofind.However,wecanrecyclethesemetalsfromoldelectronicsinsteadofdiggingfornewones.AgroupcalledWEEEistryingtoshowhowseriousthee-wasteproblemis.WEEEsaysthrown-awaye-wastelikerare(稀有的)metalsisworth$57billioneachyear.Also,UNresearchersstudied“invisible”e-waste,whichpeopledon’tnoticemuch.Theyfoundthat1/6ofalle-wasteis“invisible”andworthabout$9.5billionayear.Eventhoughit’scalled“invisible,”it’salot,weighingabout19.8billionpounds.Surprisingly,toysleadthe“invisible”e-wastegroup,accordingtothestudy.Inall,toysmakeupabout35%ofthe“invisible”e-waste.Everyyear,about7.3billionelectronictoysarethrownawayworldwide.Buttheproblemisfarlargerthanjusttoys.Homealarms,smokealarmsandpowertoolsalsoleadto“invisible”e-waste.WEEEishopingthatasmorepeopleandgovernmentspayattentiontoe-waste,theywillmakeamuchgreaterefforttomakegooduseofoldelectronicsbeforetheyarethrownaway.Afterall,therearemanyvaluablepartsinthem.Definition(定义):Theoldelectronicsthatarethrownaway.31:·Harmfulmaterialsinitwillpollutethegroundorwater.·Specialmetalsinitwillbe32.

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E-waste

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Specialexample:“invisible”e-waste(thee-wastethat’softennotnoticed)

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WEEE’sefforts:·Itworkstoremindpeopleoftheseriousnessofthee-wasteproblem.·Ithopesmoreeffortcanbeputintothe33ofelectronics.Seriousness:·Itmakesupabout1/6ofthee-waste.·Thefigure($9.5billionayear/19.8billionpounds)showsthe34and______ofthee-wastethatpeoplefailtorealize.35:toys·Theymakeupabout35%ofthe“invisible”e-waste.·About7.3billionelectronictoysarethrownawayworldwideeveryyear.Othercauses:homealarms,smokealarmsandpowertools…<6>（2024·江苏泰州·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后的表格。(每空一词)BeginningofSpringBeginningofSpring,LichuninChinese,isthefirstofthe24SolarTerms(节气)inthetraditionalChinesecalendar.Afterthateverythingturnsgreen.Peopleclearlynoticethatdaytimebecomeslongerandtheweathergetswarmer.Thefollowingaresomethingspeopledotocelebratethecomingofspring.FlyingkitesSpringisthebestseasonforkite-flying.Thistraditionalfolkactivitybeganover2,000yearsago.Itcanhelpbuildone’shealthandpreventdiseases.Abreathoffreshairoutsidecanrefreshtheirmindwhentheyareflyingkites.WearingfabricswallowsWearingfabricswallowsisacustominsomepartsinShaanxi.EveryBeginningofSpring,peopleliketowearaswallowmadeofcolorfulsilkontheirchests.Theswallowisasymbolofspringandhappiness.BitingthespringInmanypartsofChina,peoplefollowthecustomof“bitingthespring”onthedayofBeginningofSpring.Theyeatspringpancakes,springrolls(春卷),orafewcarrots.MakingaSpringOxThiscustominShaanxiispracticedrightbeforeBeginningofSpring.Thelocalgovernmenthiressomeskilledworkersandgathersthemtobuildtheframe(框架)ofanoxoutofbamboostripsandthelegswithwood.Peoplewoulddosotowelcomespringandhopeforagoodharvestthatyear.PeopleinChinabeganholdingaspecialactivityonthedayofBeginningofSpringabout3,000yearsago.BytheQingDynasty(1644—1911),greetingspringhadbecomeanimportantfolkactivity.Sincethen,BeginningofSpringasanimportantsolartermhasbeenpassedon.BeginningofSpringIntroductionBeginningofSpringisthefirstofthe24SolarTermsinthetraditionalChinesecalendar,anditis36LichuninChinese.Daytimegetslongerandthetemperaturegets37.The38ofBeginningofSpringFlyingkitesAsatraditionalfolkactivity,ithasa39ofmorethan2,000years.Itcanhelppeoplekeep40andpreventdiseases.WearingfabricswallowsTheswallows41forspringandhappiness,somanypeoplewearfabricswallowsonthedayofBeginningofSpring.BitingthespringPeoplecelebrateBeginningofSpringby42somespecially-madefood.MakingaSpringOxTheskilledworkers43bamboostripsandwoodtomakeanox.Peopledosotowelcomespringand44agoodharvest.ConclusionItis45forChinesepeopletogreetspringonthedayofBeginningofSpring.<7>（2024·四川成都·二模）阅读短文，根据其内容，完成表格中所缺信息，将答案按编号依次填入表格内的题号后。UndertheinfluenceoftheSilkRoad,Chinaisoftenanexporter(输出国).However,throughoutthehistoryoftheseroutes,manythingswereintroducedtoChinathroughthem.Herearethreeofthem.TheCentralAsianareaintroducedmanyproductstoChina.Forexample,duringtheHanandJindynasties,nomadicpeoplefromtheNorthintroducedcrops(作物)likecarrotstoChinathroughtheNorthernSilkRoad.OneofthefoodsmadefromthosecropsisHubing,atypeofbreadpopularinthewesternareasofChina.ItwasintroducedtoChang’anbypeoplefromCentralAsiaduringtheTangDynasty.Besides,manyofthesepeoplefromwesternareasopenedcakeshopsinChang’an.OneofthemostpopularproductstheseshopssoldwasBiluo,atypeofcakethatlookedlikeapillow.Peoplecouldseethecolorofthefillinginsidefromtheoutsidebecausethesurfaceofthisdessertwasquitethin.Anotherfoodisalargenumberofspices(香料),suchaspepper.TheywereintroducedtoChinathroughareassuchastheIndianSubcontinent.Pepperwasfirstusedformedicalpurposes,butlater,duringtheTangDynastyitwasusedforcooking.AftertheTangDynasty,Chinabegantogrowpepperinitssouthernareas.However,theproductionwasnotenoughtomeettheneedsandpeppercontinuedtobeimported(进口)fromabroad.DuringtheSongDynasty,thankstothedevelopmentofseatransportation,pepperwasimportedinlargenumbersanditwasnolongerasvaluableasbefore.Butformostpeople,pepperremainedanexpensivespicethatwasonlysavedforspecialevents,suchaswhencookingforguests.DuringtheMingDynasty,theSeaSilkRoadgreatlyincreasedtheimportofpeppertoChina.ThefoodintroducedtoChinathroughtheSilkRoadnotonlyenrichedthedietoftheChinesepeople,butalsoencouragedculturalexchanges.

46?CentralAsiansencourageditsdevelopment.?ItwasintroducedtoChang’anduring47.?Itwasa48cake.?Itssurfaceissothinthatpeoplecanseethefillinginsideeasily.?Itwasfirstusedas49.?ItbegantobeplantedinthesouthernareasaftertheTangDynasty.?DuringtheSongDynasty,pepperwasstillan50thingatahighpriceformostpeople.<8>（2024·山西吕梁·一模）根据语篇内容,在方框内的缩写文章中,填入与短文意思最符合的每答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。BuiltinChina’sSuiDynasty,ZhaozhouBridge(alsoknownasAnjiBridge)istheoldestexistingbridgeinChina.ItisovertheXiaoRiver,2,HebeiProvince.LiChun,anarchitect(建筑师)presidedover(主持)itsbuilding.IntheSuiDynasty,Zhaozhouconnectednorthandsouthasamajortransportationcenter.Withthefloodbreakingthesouth-northtraffic,thebuildingofabridgewasnecessary.Becauseofthefloodinsummerandautumn,thebridgehadtobedesignedtowithstand(承受)flooding.Thesinglearched(拱形的)stonebridgeis64.4metersinlengthand37.02metersinwidth.TheZhaozhouBridgehastwopairsofsmallarchesateachsideofthecentralarch.Thelargerpairsofarchesare3.81metersinspanandthesmallerare2.85meters.Zhaozhouistheworld’searliestopen-spandrelarchedbridge.Theoldestopen-spandrelarchedbridgeinEuropeis700yearslaterthanit.SincethebridgewasbuiltintheSuiDynasty,ithasbeenrepairedseveraltimesbecauseofwars,earthquakesandothermaturalandman-madeevents.Thefirsttimetorepairthebridgehappenedabout200yearsafterthebridgewascompleted.Butthemostcompleteonehappenedinthemid-1950s,duringwhichmoderntechnologywasused.Stonepartsdugfromtheriverbedorreplacedwererelocatedindoorsforprotection.TheyjoinedthecollectionsofthelocalmuseumsandtheNationalMuseumofChina.

ZhaozhouBridge,whichLiChunwasresponsibleforitsconstruction,isthe51existingbridgeinChia.Itwas52tobuildthebridgebecausethefloodbrokethesouth-northtraffic.

ZhaozhouBridgeistheworld’searliestopen-spandrelarchedbridge.Theoldestopen﹣spandrelarchedbridgeinEuropeis700years53thanZhaozhouBridge.SincetheSuiDynasty,thebridgehasbeenrepairedseveraltimesbecauseofwars,earthquakesandothernaturalandman-madeevents.Thefirsttimeto54thebridgewasabout200yearsafterthebridgewascompleted.Inthemid-1950s,thebridgewasrepairedmost55withmoderntechnology.<9>（2024·四川宜宾·一模）阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成表格中所缺的信息。Haveyounoticedthatmanypeoplearoundyouseemtobelisteningtoaudiobookstheseyears?It’sactuallyachangeinthewholenation.AccordingtoareportonChinesepeople’sreadinghabits,32.7%ofChineseadultshadthehabitoflisteningtoaudiobookswhentheywerefreein2021,andthepercentageisstillrising.Asaresult,moreandmorepublishinghousespublishnewbooksinprinttogetherwiththeiraudioanddigitalversionstomeettheneedsofdifferentreaders.So,whatmakesaudiobookssopopular?Well,herearesomeadvantagesoflisteningtoaudiobooks.Firstofall,inabusylife,noteveryoneispatientenoughtositdownandreadthebookunhurriedly,butwithaudiobooks,peoplecanlistentothemwhentheyaredriving,cooking,working,andsoon.Second,althoughbookscanmakearoomlookbetter,itmightnotbethecasewithsomeonewholivesinasmallspace.Audiobooksareeasytogetfromacomputerorsmartphone,andtheyneedednospaceintheroom.Third,whenmakingaudiobooks,peopleusemoderntechnology,whichdoesn’trequireanylinkorpaper.Bydoingso,plentyoftreesaresavedandnopollutionwillbecaused.Fourth,forsomepeople,readingcanbeatiringchore.Thisisn’ttosaythatbooksareboring,butnoteveryonecanenjoythemselvesinbooksformanyhours.Onlybookscanincludemusic,voiceactingandemotionalinterrelationsthatmakepeoplefeelmoreexcited.Butevenwiththeseadvantages,peopleshouldn’tgiveuponeprintedbooks.Thesmellofprintandthephysicalfeelofpapercanprovidepeoplewithacompletelydifferentexperience.ANational56:ListeningtoAudiobooksFacts*Nearlyone57ofChineseadultshadthehabitoflisteningtoaudiobooksin2021.*Thepercentageisrising.*Morebooksareofferedindifferentformstosatisfydifferentreaders.58*First,Audiobookscanhelppeoplemakegooduseiftheirtime.*Second,audiobooksare59togetfromacomputerorsmartphonesandtakeupnospace.*Third,makingaudiobookscausesno60*Fourth,audiobooksmakepeoplemoreexcitedthanprintedbooks.Writer’sopinionPrintedbookshouldn’tbetotallyreplacedbyaudiobooks.<10>（2024·江苏无锡·一模）先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填一个单词。Youmighthaveafriendoraclassmatewhorememberseverysingledetail.Howcantheymakeit?Agoodmemoryisoftenseenassomethingthatcomesnaturallyandabadmemoryassomethingthatcannotbechanged,butactuallythereareplentyofthingsthatyoucandotoimproveyourmemory.Weallrememberthethingsweareinterestedinandforgettheonesthatboreus.It’snothardtoexplainwhyschoolboysrememberfootballresultswithoutdifficulty,butmakeagreatefforttorememberdatesfromhistorylessons!Onewayto“make”yourselfmoreinterestedistoaskquestions—themore,thebetter!Moreover,researchershavefoundthatinformationorganizedingroupscanbeeasytoremember.Youcanusethisbyorganizingthematerialsyouarestudying.Trygroupingsimilarknowledgetogether,ormakeamindmapoftextbookreadingtohelpgrouptheinformation.Thenwhenyoulearnmoreaboutthatsubject,youunderstandthatbetter.Besurethingsareclearinyourmind.Ifnot,askquestionsuntilyouunderstand!What’smore,whenyou’relearningnewmaterials,takethetimetothinkabouttherelationshipbetweenthepresentinformationandwhatyou’vealreadyknown.Thenithelpsyourememberinformation.Physicalexerciseisalsoimportantforyourmemory,becauseitincreasesyourheartrateandsendsmoreoxygentoyourbrain,andthatmakesyourmemoryworkbetter.Exercisealsoreducesstress,whichisverybadforthememory.Sothenexttimeyou’relearningnewinformation,youcanusethemethodsabove.I’msurethatyouwillimproveyourmemoryandgetmoreoutofit.HowtoImproveYourMemoryFactsSomepeoplewere61withagoodmemory,andabadmemorycan’tbechanged,butwecandoalotofthingstoimproveourmemory.MethodsShow62inthingsyouneedtorememberandaskmorequestions.Organizeinformationingroupstorememberknowledge63.64therelationshipbetweennewmaterialsandyourknowledge.Exercisetomakeyourmemoryworkbetterwith65stress.