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1、教学内容:7aunit4. 5知识点及语法重点(现在完成时)教学重点:三种时态的训练和巩固教学难点:现在完成时瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换教学过程:1、课文知识点讲解2、时态练习3、练习巩固 4、家庭作业1. 用there be句型表示客观存在(就近原则)2. 现在完成时(一)含义现在完成吋用来表示现在之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说, 动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。e.g. i have lost my wallet.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了。)jane has laid the table.(含义是:已可以吃饭 了。)michael has bee

2、n ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱。)he has returned from abroad.(含义是:现在已在此地)(二)结构助动词have /has+动词过去分词,主语为第三人称单数用has,其他人称用have。(三)句型1、肯定句:主语+have /has+动词过去分词+其他。i have studied english for 5 years .2、否定句:主语+have /has+not +动词过去分词+其他。we haven't been there .3、一般疑问句:have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其他?has he eaten that apple ?4、特殊疑

3、问句:特殊疑问词+ have /has +主语+动词过去分词+其他?(四)用法1、现在完成时可以用來表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的情况,常与for, since连用。e.g. mary has been ill for three days.i have lived here since 1998.2现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等:e.g. he has already obtained a scholarship.i haven't seen much of him r

4、ecently (lately).we have seen that film before.have they found the missing child yet?3. 现在完成吋常常与表示频度的吋间状语连用e.g. have you ever been to beijing?i have never heard bunny say anything against he匚i have used this pen only three limes. it is still good.george has met that gentleman on several occasions.4、

5、现在完成吋还往往可以同包括现在吋间在内的吋间状语连用,如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far 等。e.g. peter has written six papers so far.man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.there has bee too much rain this year.the rela

6、tions between us have been enhanced in the past few years.up to the present everything has been successful.5、现在完成时表示现在之前就已完成的动作,虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续,但是有一 些现在完成吋的句子,在后面加上for+段吋间,则现在完成吋的动作就表示延续性。e.g. thomas has studied russian.(现在不再学俄语)thomas has studied russian for three years. (=thomas began to study

7、russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.)6、现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作。e.g. we have had four texts this semeste匚现在完成吋中的吋间状语:already通常用于肯定句中,意为“已经”,位于行为动词之前,be动词、助动词之后。有时可放在疑问 句句尾,表示惊讶。例如:we have already cleaned the classroom.have you finished it already ?yet用于疑问句中表示“已经”;用于否定句中,表

8、示“还(没)”。例如:has he found his watch yet?他还没找到他的表吗?no, not ye匸 是,还没有。ever意为“曾经”,常用于疑问句或否定句中,位于助动词和过去分词之间,表示从过去到目前为止的 时间。例如:have you ever been there ?你曾经去过那里吗?nothing has ever happened here.这里未曾发牛过什么事。never意为“(曾经)从未、没有”,是否定副词,在句中位于助动词和过去分词之间。ever与否定词 not连用相当于neverc例如:i haven' t ever spoken to her. =

9、 i have never spoken to hei*.我从未跟她讲过话。just意为“刚刚”,用于现在完成时,表示行为刚刚过去,位于助动词与过去分词之间。e.g. he has just come back from school.他刚从学校冋來。 just now意为'冈i才”,表示过去某时,用于一般过去时,位于句首或句尾均njoe.g. he came from school just now.他刚才从学校回来。for和since的用法及区别。for与一段时间连用,since与时间点连用。注意:since后接过去吋的时间状语或过去时的句子。e.g. 1 have been to

10、 shanghai twice since 1970.i haven't seen her since she left shanghai.i saw ping ping six years ago. since i havenever seen hci*. have/has gone to> have/has been to 和 have/hasbeen in的区别。 have/ has gone to have/ has been to have/ has been in去了,在去某地的路上或在某地,人还未冋來 曾经去过,人已经回来了已经在,常与一段时间连用e.g. she

11、has been to shanghai before. 她以前曾去过上海。she has been in shanghai for ten years. 她在上海 10 年了。has he gone to qingdao?他去青岛 了吗?但不能说 have you gone to qingdao? 区分短暂性动词与持续性动词.表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.短暂性的动词如:come, go, join, leave, buy等,在完成时态中不能与for,since短语或how long等引起的时间状语连用。瞬间动词不能直接与for, since连用,要改变动词

12、为延续性动词。瞬间动词转换为延续性动词:buy have borrow keep arrive/ come be in /atleave away (from) join-be a member of/be in die be dead get up - be up get married- be marriedgo there be there begin/startbe on stopbe over open be open现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:i般过去式:过去吋表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动 作。现在完成时:为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影

13、响。 靦在芫戒曲强调过去发生的动作与现在的联系,对现在的影响。一般过去时强调过去发生的动作或状态,与现在没有联系。一看时间状语。如果句中没有表示过去确切时间的状语,常用现在完成时;如 果有,则只能用一般过去时。如:i have visited the factory.i visited the factory last yean二看句首有无疑问词。如果笼统地问人家做过某事了吗(句首无疑问词),常用 现在完成时;但进一步询问何时、何地、何原因、用什么方式做那事时(句首 有疑问词)就要用一般过去时。如: have you had your breakfast? yes, i have.when d

14、id you have it?at seven thirty.注意:这种用法是以连贯性问答为背景的。否则就需要具体情况具体分析。如:how many words have you learned by heart?how did you learn them by heart?三看句中谓语动词是否为延续性动词。如果表示的动作或状态一直延续到现在, 最好选用延续性动词,并使用现在完成时;如果是瞬间动词,则用一般过去时。如:he has been a league member for two months. he joined the youth league two months ago.现在

15、完成时练习题一、单项选择1、both his parents look sad.maybe they what's happened to him.a knew b have known c must know d .will know2、he has been to shanghai, has he ?a. already b .neverc .everd. still3、have you met mr li?a just b. ago c .before d . a moment ago4> the famous writerone new book in the past

16、two yeara. is writing b .was writing c .wrote d .has written5、-our countiy a lot so far .-yes . i hope it will be even.a has changed ; well b . changed ; goodc has changed ; better d. changed ; better6、zhao lanalready in this school for two years .a. was ; studyingb . will ; studyc. has ; studied7、w

17、exiao li since shed are ; studying was a littlea. know b . had known c . haveknown d.girl.knew8、harry potter is a very nice film a a.will seeb have seenit twice c.sawd.see9、-these farmers have been to the unitedstates -really ? when there ?a. will they gob. did they goc. do they god. have they gone1

18、0、-youyour homework yet ?yes i it a moment ago a did ; do ; finished b. have ; done ; finishedc . have ; done ; have finished d. will; do ; finish 二、句型转换for a year, (die)(动词填空)3、the old manlast year. he4、this factory opened twenty years ago.(|司义句转换)this factoryfor twenty years.5、miss gao left an hou

19、r ago.(同义句转换)miss gaoan hour ago.6、her mother has been a party member for three years .(同义句)her motherthe party three years 7、the green family moved to france two years ago.(同 义句转换)two yearsthe green family moved to fra nee.二、句型转换。1、has he?4、has been open7、it is, since8、the bus has arrived here. it

20、arrived ten minutes ago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子)2、how long3 died, has been dead5、has been away6> joined; ago8、the bus has been here for ten minutes.7a unit 5 choosing a new flat语言点:1、think about sth./ doing sth.考虑某事2、what' s the matter (with sb./sth.)?二what' s wrong (with sb./sth.)?(某人/某物)出什么问题了?3、

21、tidy up使整齐4、need sth. / don,t need sth.need to do/ don't need to do需要某物/不需要某物5、much bigger (修饰比较级用 much, far, even,a little, a bit)大了许多6、enough space (space 不可数名词)足够的空间7、look for/ find寻找8、what kind of flat.?哪一种公寓?9、an underground station地铁站10、on a removal day在搬家的那天11、next to=beside在旁边12、opposite

22、 the sofa在沙发的对面13、between a and b在 a 和 b 之间14、in front of在刖面15、move to搬去某地16、a flat with abalcony有阳台的公寓17、on the rug在地毯上二词性转换:1、choose v.choice n.chosevpchoosen vpp.2、tidy v. / a.untidy a.3、balcony n.balconiespl.4、agency n.agent n.代理人5、helper n.help v.helpfula.helpless a.6、shelf n.shelvespl.7、remova

23、l n.removev.movev.8、differencefl differenta.9、busy a.businessn.businessmann.语法:1方位介词和介词词组的用法a2祈使句 3掌握用too加上形容词表示“太"的用法 4掌握need后面直接加名词表示“需要”的用法5学会用某些副词修饰形容词的比较级6 了解形容词最高级的用法unit five choosing a new flat (exercise)page 351 ben's bedroom is(tidy). mrs. liasks him to tidy it uponce a day.2. our

24、 flat is too small i am looking for a(big) one3. his uncle is a(remove) man. he always moves people's furniture to their new flats4. in our study, there are two(shelf) and a wardrobe5. we'lla bigger flat. we'll go tothe estate agency tomorrow. (look out/look up/lookat/look for)6 please t

25、idy your things, ben. (away/up/on/in)7. your bedroom is very untidy please put your things(tidily/tidy/untidy/untidily)8. my brother isthan me now(more bigger/more big/much bigger)9my bedroom isin my house. (smahest/smaller/the smallest)10. our flat has tworooms, (live)11. ben's bedroom hasspace

26、 for all this things. (many/enouglva few)12. our flat has got two bedrooms.(改为一般疑问句)your flattwo bedrooms?13. our flat has one living room and one kitchen.(改否定句)our flatone living room or one kitchen.14. lets talk to dad when he comes home.(反意疑问句)let's talk to dad when he comes home,?page 361 ho

27、w manyare there in your flat, lucy? (balcony)2 i like a flattwo bedrooms and a balcony, (have/has/with/of)3 it i go to the estate(agency) tomorrow.4. ed like to live near the underground station.(划线提问) you like to live?5. we'll look for a new flat.(划线提问) we look for?6. can i help you?(保持原句意思)can

28、 i doyou?7. the cinema is near my home.(保持原意)the cinema is notmy home.8. fd like a flat with three bedrooms、on balcony and two bathrooms. (戈u线捉问) flat would you like?page 37-391. they will be busy(in/on/at) the removal day.2. the removal man and his(help) are(put) the thing in the new flat.3 alice i

29、s my best friend she is very. (help)4. my bedroom isthe second floor (in/on/at/beside)5. the price of the shirt is200 and 250 yuan. (at/between/in/among)6. he is standingm匚 green(opposite to/to next/beside to/next to)7. the school is justmy block(near to/opposite/between)8 there is a big supermarket

30、my neighbourhood(after/ in front of/before)9 what are the differences(with/between/in) the two flats?10. she goes to school . (by the underground/by an underground/byunderground)11 there are two(fun) picturesthe wall, (in/on/at)12. he put the table near the kitchen.(划线提问)13. he put the table?14. the new flat is big and clean.(划线提问)15. the new flat?

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